PARTNERSHIP RESPONSE
TO GLOBAL CHANGE
List of
Resources, August 2000
Thanks to
Joel
Brown, Chuck Rice, and Ann Lewandowski
ü
Items
marked with a globe are recommended sources of introductory material and are
included in the “Readings.”
·
Items
marked with a bullet are in “Additional Resources.”
Sources
of Extensive Lists of Internet Links:
· Importance of charred organic matter in Black Chernozem soils of Saskatchewan:
http://www.nrc.ca/aic-journals/2001ab/cjss01/special01/cjss00-075.html
E.V. Ponomarenko and D.W. Anderson
·
Global Climate
Change: Selective List of Online Resources http://www.pacinst.org/global.html
From the Pacific Institute. An extensive, selective, and categorized list of
links to information on the science and policy of climate change.
·
Global Change Course
at Iowa State University. http://www.iitap.iastate.edu/gccourse
Includes a categorized list of links, and full lecture transcripts.
·
Global Change Master
Directory. http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/
From NASA. Extensive, categorized, and searchable links to data related to
global change, earth science, and environmental information. Click on Earth
Science Links for links to other sites.
I.
What
is global change?
ü
Peter
M. Vitousek, 1994. Beyond Global
Warming: Ecology and Global Change.
Ecology
75(7):
1861-1876.
·
P.M.
Vitousek. 1992. Global Environmental
Change: An Introduction.
Annu Rev of Ecol Syst 23:1-14.
·
William
H. Schlesinger. 1997. Biogeochemistry: An Analysis of
Global Change.
Academic Press, San Diego. Pp. 3-14.
·
U.S. Global Change
Research Program.
http://www.usgcrp.gov/
Includes a section for educators, related links,
and the “U.S. National Assessment of The Potential Consequences of
Climate Variability and Change.”
Also includes the US Global Change Research Information Office.
http://www.gcrio.org/ is
a source of government publications and data maintained
by the CIESIN for the GCRP.
·
Global Change
Electronic Edition.
http://globalchange.org/default.htm
Published by the Pacific Institute for Studies in Development, Environment,
and Security. Extensive and searchable source of current news articles, data,
legislative action, and links to other
sources of information about climate change and ozone depletion.
·
NASA Earth
Observatory http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
Includes news, features, images, data, and more.
·
Center for
International Earth Science Information Network
at Columbia University. http://www.ciesin.org/
Includes the World Data Center.
·
Trees in Grasslands:
Biogeochemical Consequences of Woody Plant Expansion http://cnrit.tamu.edu/rlem/faculty/archer/
A pdf version of a book chapter by Steve Archer, Thomas Boutton, and K.A.
Hibbard. Describes a study of the carbon sequestration capacity in semi-arid
systems.
Web
sites: Global
Change Education
·
Global Change and
Environmental Education Resources. http://gcrio.org/edu/educ.html
A list of links maintained by the U.S. Global Change Research Information
Office
·
Teaching with the
Internet. http://www.iitap.iastate.edu/gcp/teaching/teaching.html
Located at the Iowa State University Global Change Course site. at Iowa State
University
·
Atmosphere, Climate
and Environment Information Programme. http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/aric/ace/ace_frames.html
Supported by the government of the United Kingdom. Click on “Fact sheets”
and “Study packs.”
II.
Atmospheric
chemistry
ü
Biomass Burning and
Climate Change. http://asd-www.larc.nasa.gov/biomass_burn/biomass_burn.html
Describes the effect of biomass burning on global change. From NASA’s
Langley Research Center.
ü
Greenhouse Gases:
Sources, Sinks & Concentrations
http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/aric/ace/factsheets/gcc3_old_html.html
From the Atmosphere, Climate and Environment Information Programme of the UK
government.
ü
“Greenhouse gas
emissions and agriculture” http://www.usda.gov/oce/gcpo/facts.htm
Names the primary greenhouse gases that are emitted
directly and indirectly from agricultural activities and ways farmers may
reduce some of them.
ü
Methane and Other
Greenhouse Gases
http://www.epa.gov/ghginfo/topics.htm
Information from the US EPA. Includes reports on the costs and technological
options for reducing emissions of GHG’s – especially methane.
ü
Methane Emissions
from Livestock.
http://www.ciesin.org/TG/AG/liverear.html
A Thematic Guide from the Center for International Earth Science
ü
Carbon cycle diagram
·
P.A.
Matson and P.M. Vitousek. 1990. Ecosystem
Approach to a Global Nitrous Oxide Budget.
BioScience 40:667-672.
III.
What is climate change?
ü
Frequently Asked
Questions about CO2, climate change, and the level
of scientific certainty. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/warming/etc/faqs.html
ü
Milankovitch Theory http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/paleo/milankovitch.html
An explanation of the long term cycles that affect climate change over tens-
and hundreds-of-thousands of years.
ü
Why the United States
is Becoming More Vulnerable to Natural Disasters http://www.agu.org/sci_soc/articles/eisvink.html
On the web site of the American Geophysical Union.
ü
Factors Influencing
Bottom-Line Resource Impacts
http://www.epa.gov/globalwarming/impacts/agriculture/influence.html
Addresses: 1) Carbon Dioxide, Temperature, and Crop Yields; 2) Effects on Soil
Resources; 3) Effects on Weeds, Insects, and Disease; 4) Effects on
Water Resources.
o
What’s Up with the
Weather? www.pbs.org/wgbh/warming
A web site associated with a PBS NOVA special aired April 2000. Extensive
interviews, frequently asked questions, explanation of information found in
ice
cores,
·
The Debate About
Climate Change:
interviews with leading proponents and critics of global warming’s threat.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/warming/debate/
·
Global Climate Change
Briefing Book.
http://www.cnie.org/nle/clim-7/ebgcctop.html
“Compiled by the Congressional Research Service, a branch of the Library of
Congress providing nonpartisan research reports to members of the House
and Senate.”
·
Climate
Change Links from the Global
Environment Information Centre,
a Japanese organization http://www.geic.or.jp/climate-links.html
o
ARIC at The
Manchester Metropolitan University.
http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/aric/arichome.html
“ARIC provides world class research and education in atmospheric and
sustainability issues to encourage responsible development.”
·
NOAA Library http://www.lib.noaa.gov/A
library specializing in oceanic and atmospheric information.
·
The Climate
Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov/
“The CMDL of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in
Boulder, Colorado, conducts research related to atmospheric constituents that
are capable of forcing change in the climate of the Earth or that may deplete
the ozone layer. CMDL monitors
greenhouse gases, aerosols, ozone, ozone-
depleting gases and solar and terrestrial radiation at global sites including
four Baseline Observatories.”
·
Alternative Views of
Climate Change.
http://www.me3.org/issues/climate/alternative.html
A list of sites that disagree with the seriousness of the threat or with the
actions being proposed to mitigate or adapt to climate change.
·
World Climate Report http://www.greeningearthsociety.org/climate/
A periodical published by the Greening Earth Society (www.greeningearthsociegy.org).
“WCR has been proven to be an effective tool in pointing out the
weaknesses and fallacies in the science which is being touted as ‘proof’
of disastrous greenhouse warming.”
o
Impact of Climate
Change and Land Use in the Southwestern U.S. http://geochange.er.usgs.gov/sw/
An interactive web workshop from 1997. Sponsored by USGS.
o
Center for the Study
of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change
http://www.co2science.org/
·
Agriculture and
Global Environmental Change.
http://www.ciesin.org/TG/AG/AG-home.html
A Thematic Guide from the Center for International Earth Science. Addresses
the following:
·
Human
Causes of Global Climate Change Related to Agriculture
·
Impacts
of Global Climate Change on Agriculture
·
Adaptations
to Global Climate Change
·
Farm
Policy Options
·
Indigenous
Agricultural and Environmental Knowledge Systems
·
Carbon Dioxide
Information Analysis Center
http://cdiac.ESD.ORNL.GOV/
The primary global-change data and information analysis center of the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE).
·
Frequently Asked
Questions http://cdiac.ESD.ORNL.GOV/pns/faq.html
The questions are just a bit more technical than other FAQ’s in this list.
You can ask your own question.
o
Herrick,
J.E.; Wander, M.M. 1998. Relationships
between soil organic carbon and soil quality in cropped and rangeland soils:
the importance of
distribution, composition, and soil biological activity. Soil
Processes and the Carbon Cycle.
Boca Raton, Fla. : CRC Press, .. p.
405-
425.(S592.6.C35S65- 1998). An academic review explaining the importance of
soil organic matter.
·
Global Warming: Early
Warning Signs www.climatehotmap.org
A list of events around the world that are evidence of or possible
consequences of global warming. Prepared by a group of environmental advocacy
organizations.
IV.
Land use changes
V.
Changes in water resources
VI.
Changes in ecological systems and services
VII.
A. & B Impact to agriculture
and resources
ü
U.S. National
Assessment http://www.nacc.usgcrp.gov
The potential consequences of climate variability and change.
ü
Agriculture &
Global Climate Change: A Review of Impacts to U.S. Agricultural Resources.
http://www.pewclimate.org/projects/env_agriculture.html
A report from the Pew Climate Change Center describing the effect of climate
change on agriculture and ways that agriculture can adapt. When estimating
the effects, minimal consideration is given to changes in the incidence and
severity of agricultural pests, soil erosion, tropospheric ozone levels, and
extreme
events such as droughts and floods.
ü
Impacts of Global
Climate Change on Agriculture.
http://www.ciesin.org/TG/AG/humancon.html
A Thematic Guide from the Center for International Earth Science.
·
Bibliography: Climate
Change and Impact on US Water Resources http://www.pacinst.org/CCBib.html
from the Pacific Institute.
·
Bibliography: Climate
Change and Its Impact on Biodiversity http://www.pacinst.org/wildlife.html
Also from the Pacific Institute.
·
Climate Variability,
Climate Change and Western Water. http://www.den.doi.gov/wwprac/reports/aclimate.htm
From the Western Water Policy Review Advisory Commission, a Presidential
Committee created in 1995.
o
Is Global Warming
Harmful to Health? by
Paul R. Epstein. Scientific American. August 2000. Pp 50-57.
Climate change may trigger greater incidence of infectious diseases because of
increased frequency of floods and droughts, and expansion of the ecological
range of disease vectors.
VII.
C. Risk management
ü
Malk,
Andrew. 1999. “Uncertainty and Risk
Assessment”
In W.T. Sexton, et al. Ecological Stewardship: A Common Reference for Ecosystem
Management, Vol. III. Oxford
: Elsevier Science. Pp. 191-195.
·
Haynes,
Richard and Dave Cleaves. 1999. Uncertainty,
Risk, and Ecosystem Management.
In Ecological Stewardship: A Common
Reference for
Ecosystem Management, Vol. III. Oxford
: Elsevier Science. Pp. 413-429.
·
Cleaves,
David A. and Richard W. Haynes. 1999. Risk
Management for Ecological Stewardship. In Ecological
Stewardship: A Common
Reference for Ecosystem Management, Vol. III.
Oxford : Elsevier Science. Pp. 431-461.
VIII.
Responses
·
C.A.
Seybold, J.E. Herrick, and J.J. Brejda. 1999. Soil
Resilience: A Fundamental Component of Soil Quality. Soil Science 164:224-234.
·
Mitigation and
Adaptation for Climate Change: Answers and Questions http://phe.rockefeller.edu/mitigation/
A summary of the research results presented at the Workshop on Costs, Impacts,
and Possible Benefits of CO2 Mitigation held in September 1992 in
Laxenburg, Austria, under the auspices of the International Institute for
Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC). A global analysis of the potential for mitigation and
adaptation. Little about specific methods of mitigation and adaptation.
IX.
Mitigation
responses
ü
Growing Carbon: A New
Crop That Helps Agricultural Producers and the Climate, Too. A
brochure for agricultural producers, NRCS staff and
the conservation partnership. Explains climate change and its implications;
and discusses the effect of agriculture on greenhouse gases, practices that
can
increase carbon storage in soil, and the potential for carbon markets. Request
a copy by calling 1-888-526-3227, or e-mailing landcare@swcs.org. Or
download a copy from http://www.swcs.org/f_pubs_education.htm.
ü
Overview of Global
Change, Agriculture, and the Conservation Partnership. An NRCS paper
distributed May 2000.
ü
The Indiana Carbon
Storage Project: Questions and Answers.
ü
Review of Published
Sequestration Potentials and Carbon Values
ü
R.
Lal, R.F. Follett, J. Kimble, and C.V.Cole. 1999. Managing
U.S. Cropland to Sequester Carbon in Soil. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
54:374-381.
ü
Land Use and Global
Climate Change http://www.pewclimate.org/projects/land_use.html
A report from the Pew Center on Global Climate Change examining how land can
be managed to slow the rate of increase in atmospheric CO2 levels,
reviewing how the Kyoto Protocol deals with land uses, and identifying issues
that must be resolved if the Protocol is to be implemented.
ü
Working Trees for
Carbon Cycle Balance http://www.unl.edu/nac/pubs/brochures/wtcarbon/index.html
A two-page introduction to agroforestry and it potential for removing CO2
from the atmosphere. Available from the USDA National Agroforestry Center,
402-437-5178.
ü
Council for
Agricultural Science and Technology
http://www.cast-science.org
The issue paper “Storing Carbon in Agricultural Soils to Help Mitigate
Global Warming” (2000) is available on-line. The text of the report, “Preparing
U.S.
Agriculture for Global Climate Change” (1992) is not available on-line, but
both publications can be ordered by calling 1-800-375-CAST or (515) 292-
4512.
ü
Emission and
Reduction of Greenhouse Gases from Agriculture and Food Manufacturing
http://www.oit.doe.gov/agriculture/page18.htm
A summary white paper from the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, and the Office of Industrial Technologies.
1999.
ü
Ruminant Livestock
Efficiency Program http://www.epa.gov/outreach/rlep/index.htm
From the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
·
Carbon: Exploring the
Benefits to Farmers and Society http://www.cvrcd.org/carbon.htm
A conference in Des Moines, Iowa, August 29-31. Check the site for abstracts
or proceedings.
·
Climate Change
Mitigation http://agrinet.tamu.edu/mccarl/ccm.html
A bibliography of articles by Bruce McCarl at Texas A&M University.
·
Policies and Measures
for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation.
http://oecd.int/env/cc/policies_ghg.htm
An analysis of a wide range of mitigation measures. From the Organization for
Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
·
Carbon Sequestration
Research and Development http://www.ornl.gov/carbon_sequestration/
A report from the U.S. Department of Energy. Copies available on-line, or by
ordering from NTIS at www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm, 1-800-553-6847.
·
Report
from a Workshop on Carbon Sequestration
in Soils http://www.cast-science.org/9812carb.htm
co-sponsored by CAST, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and Oak Ridge
National Laboratory. (December 1998)
·
Land-Use Management
for Carbon Sequestration. http://www.esd.ornl.gov/iab/iab2-16.htm
From the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A study in sub-Saharan Africa.
VIII.B.1.
Biofuels and bioproducts
ü
Biobased Chemicals http://www.eren.doe.gov/bioenergy_initiative/page5.html
From the U.S. Department of Energy’s
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Network (EREN).
ü
How Green are Green
Plastics? by Tillman U. Gerngross and Steven C.
Slater. Scientific American. August 2000. Pp 37-41.
·
International Energy
Agency (IEA) http://www.ieabioenergy.com/
IEA Bioenergy is an international collaboration promoting research,
development, and deployment of energy technologies that exploit bioenergy
resources.
·
New Uses Council http://newuses.org/
A nonprofit organization dedicated to expanding the development and
commercialization of new industrial, energy, and non-food consumer uses of
renewable agricultural, forestry, livestock and marine products.
·
Bioproducts fact
sheets http://www.eren.doe.gov/bioenergy_initiative/page5.html
From the U.S. Department of Energy’s Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy Network (EREN).
·
iobased Products and
Bioenergy http://www.bioproducts-bioenergy.gov/
A multi-agency federal government initiative..
IX.
Adaptation responses
ü
Winning and Losing
the Global Warming Debate http://www.esig.ucar.edu/HP_roger/debate.html
The author concludes that in arguing about whether to try to mitigate climate
change, we have neglected to develop our ability to adapt.
ü
Strategic Planning
http://www.allianceonline.org/faqs.html
A series of fact sheets about how to do strategic planning, from the Alliance
for Nonprofit Management.
X.
A. Field activities
ü
Field Activities (See workshop materials.)
·
MDAbiogas An
article about a Minnesota program to promote utilization of biogas on farms.
·
Soil Sequestration of
Carbon and Biomass-to-Ethanol. A
technical note describing activities at the NRCS Lockeford Plant Materials
Center in
California.
·
Methane production
project http://www.energyxchange.org/
“EnergyXchange is a nonprofit organization that oversees the operation of a
new landfill gas-to-energy facility in Yancey and Mitchell counties in Western
North Carolina.”
X.
B. Research
·
A U.S. Inventory of
Agricultural Soil Carbon at Local to National Scales. http://www.colorado.edu/research/cires/banff/upload/74/
By M. Eve, K. Paustian, R.F. Follett, and M. Sperow.
·
Brookhaven National
Laboratory. http://www.face.bnl.gov/Default.htm
Technology to study the effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide
concentrations on terrestrial systems.
Models
Databases
o
NASIS (The National
Soil Information System) http://nasis.nrcs.usda.gov/
A database of soil information from several sources.
Designed to manage and maintain soil data from collection to dissemination for
the National
Cooperative Soil Survey. Does not include mapping.
·
STATSGO (State Soil
Geographic Database)
http://www.ftw.nrcs.usda.gov/stat_data.html
State general soil maps made by generalizing the
detailed soil survey data. The level of mapping is designed to be used for
broad planning and management
uses covering state, regional, and multi-state areas. All areas of the country
are available. A STATSGO Soils Browser (available separately)
http://www.ftw.nrcs.usda.gov/stat_browser.html works
with ArcInfo to allow sophisticated analysis of STATSGO data.
·
Other soil data
products in development:
SSURGO (Soil Survey Geographic Database)
http://www.ftw.nrcs.usda.gov/ssur_data.html
is the most detailed level of digital soils data available from
the NRCS. Data is designed for use in GIS’s. As of July 2000, 866 county
soil surveys were available. Soils Explorer is a viewer for SSURGO.
http://www.statlab.iastate.edu/soils/nssc/explorer/soilex.htm .
As of March 2000, 38 counties were available. SSURGO data can also be used
with the
·
Soils Data Viewer in the Customer Service Toolkit. Soils
Data Viewer requires ArcInfo.
C.
Activities of Other Organizations
ü
Forest and land-use
change carbon sequestration projects http://www.wri.org/wri/climate/sequester.html
Projects sponsored by the World Resources Institute.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
U.S. Department of Agriculture
·
The
Global Change Program Office (GCPO) functions as the Department-wide coordinator
of agriculture, rural and forestry-related global change
program and policy issues facing USDA: http://www.usda.gov/agency/oce/gcpo/index.htm
·
The
Office of Energy Policy and New Uses (OEPNU) assists the Secretary of
Agriculture in developing Departmental energy policy and coordinating
Departmental energy programs and strategies. The
Office provides economic analysis on energy policy issues, coordinates USDA
energy-related activities
within and outside the Department, and studies the feasibility of new uses of
agricultural products: http://www.usda.gov/agency/oce/oepnu/index.htm
National Science Foundation
·
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration – http://www.ogp.noaa.gov/
U.S. Department of Energy
·
Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy Network:
http://www.eren.doe.gov/
·
Agriculture Industry
of the Future program (IOF)
provides cost-shared funding to industry partnerships conducting research and
development for the
bio-products industry: http://www.oit.doe.gov/agriculture/
o
Carbon Dioxide
Information Analysis Center
http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/
The primary global-change data and information analysis center of the U.S.
Department of Energy.
·
The
Energy Information Administration (EIA) http://www.eia.doe.gov/
Provides information about energy sources, including environmental and climate
change implications.
U.S. Department of State
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
·
Methane Energy
Programs. http://www.epa.gov/methane/
From the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
·
Ruminant Livestock
Efficiency Program http://www.epa.gov/outreach/rlep/index.htm
From the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
U.S. Geologic Survey
·
Global Change
Research Program http://geochange.er.usgs.gov/
A source for ground-based and remotely sensed earth science data and
information used by global change researchers and contributing to
assessments of
the potential effects of global change on society.
U.S. Global Change Research Program: http://www.usgcrp.gov/
·
Global Change Data
and Information System http://www.gcdis.usgcrp.gov/
A source of global climate change resource data.
o
U.S. National
Assessment: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change http://www.nacc.usgcrp.gov/
Office of Science and Technology Policy http://www.whitehouse.gov/WH/EOP/OSTP/html/OSTP_Home.html
XI.
D. Policy
ü
An Introduction to
the Climate Change Convention.
This document includes a list of key dates in the development of the Climate
Change Convention
and the Kyoto Protocol. (See workshop materials, and http://www.unfccc.de/index.html)
ü
Global Climate Change
Treaty: The Kyoto Protocol
http://www.cnie.org/nle/clim-3.html
The Kyoto Protocol follows from the Climate Change Convention.
ü
U.S. Views on Land
Use, Land-Use Change and Forests. Framework Convention on Climate Change
ü
Federal Legislative
and Executive Actions (1999-2000)
ü
NRCS policy on Carbon
Sequestration
ü
NARC&DC policy on
Global Change
·
World Resources
Institute http://www.wri.org/climate/publications.html
Publications about the economics and politics of climate change mitigation
issues.
·
Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change.
http://www.ipcc.ch/
Created by the UNEP
·
New Scientist
Magazine’s page about global warming,
especially the debates surrounding the Kyoto protocol.
http://www.newscientist.com/nsplus/insight/global/
·
What does the Kyoto
protocol mean to US. energy markets and the U.S. economy? http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/kyoto/kyotobrf.html
A Briefing Paper on the Energy Information Administration's Analysis and
Report Prepared for the Committee on Science, U.S. House of Representatives,
October 1998.
·
Centre for Science
and the Environment
http://www.oneworld.org/cse/html/cmp/cmp31.htm
An organization representing the interests of India and other developing
countries in the climate change negotiations.
Appendix: Emissions Trading
·
Creating a Market for
Carbon Emissions: Opportunities for U.S. Agriculture and Forestry by
R. Sandor, J. Skees, M. Walsh, and A. LeBlanc.
o
Prototype Carbon
Fund. http://www.prototypecarbonfund.org/
A World Bank product “that aims to demonstrate how project-based emissions
transactions can mitigate climate change.”
·
CQuest
http://www.carbonquest.com
A supplier of carbon emission reduction
credits (CERC’s). The company identifies and documents landowners who will
supply CERC’s.
o
Environmental
Financial Products http://www.envifi.com/
An organization designing markets and finding carbon buyers.
o
Woodrising
Consulting. http//
www.woodrising.com
A company involved in climate change offset projects.
Go to http://www.woodrising.com/woodrise/jido.htm for “What is an
offset project?” and “ What is
joint implementation?”
o
ICF Consulting http://www.icf-infotech.com
“One of the world's leading consulting firms assisting clients in managing
the world's natural, physical, economic, and community resources in a
sustainable
way. The firm helps clients optimize energy resources, meet environmental
challenges, foster economic and community development, enhance transportation
policy and projects, and manage information technology resources.”
o
Sustainable energy
information solstice.crest.org
From the Center for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Technology (CREST at http://solstice.crest.org/common/crestinfo.shtml)